Jennifer Miree Cope on How Climate Change Is Changing Landscape Design
Landscape designer Jennifer Miree Cope explains how climate change is altering landscape design and shares practical, region-tested strategies for climate-appropriate plants, smarter water management, and resilient outdoor spaces.
Rather than treating climate change as a distant problem, landscape designerJennifer Miree Copeargues that homeowners can take practical steps now to create outdoor spaces that stay healthy, efficient, and beautiful as conditions shift. “Landscape design has to keep pace with a changing climate”, says Cope, “and the yard that prospered ten years ago isn’t always built for today’s conditions. Longer dry spells, heavier downpours, and unpredictable temperature swings are straining plants and irrigation systems that were never designed for this kind of variability. ”Why Traditional Landscape Designs Fall ShortTraditional landscaping with water-intensive lawns, non-native plants, and drainage designed to quickly move water off a property is becoming more expensive and less suitable as the weather grows less predictable. These landscapes often require more water, labor, and maintenance each year. According to the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, outdoor use accounts for about 30 percent of household water use nationwide and up to 70 percent in hotter, drier regions, withlandscape irrigationmaking up the largest share. When irrigation supports plants poorly suited to the local climate, costs continue to rise. Cope says that climate-smart landscaping doesn’t have to mean sacrificing curb appeal. By choosing regionally adapted plants, improving drainage, and using permeable surfaces, homeowners can create landscapes that need less water, require less maintenance, and stay attractive over time. A Southern Perspective: Designing for Alabama’s ExtremesWorking with homeowners in Birmingham,Jennifer Miree Copehas seen landscapes struggle with humid summers, heavy spring storms, and extended dry periods. Those conditions have led her to recommend plants naturally adapted to central Alabama’s climate. Cope’s preferred regional palette includes oakleaf hydrangea, American beautyberry, and Virginia sweetspire. Native trees such as red maple and eastern redbud provide shade and structure with less maintenance. Because these plants are naturally suited to Alabama’s rainfall, heat, and soils, they better withstand drought, heavy rain, and temperature swings. Is Climate-Adaptive Landscaping Necessary?Not everyone believes climate-adaptive landscaping is the (only) way to go. Critics argue that traditional methods have worked for generations and that changing them adds unnecessary expense. Others believe regular maintenance and effective irrigation can keep familiar lawns and plants thriving despite changing weather. Cope acknowledges that concerns about upfront costs and preserving a familiar landscape are understandable, though it’s important to look at the full picture. Does Smart Planning Actually Save Money?Landscaping that doesn’t match the local climate often costs more over time. Water-intensive lawns require more irrigation, fertilizer, mowing, and repairs, while poorly suited plants need extra care or replacement. According to the EPA, switching to a water-efficient landscape canreduce outdoor water useby 20% to 50% through smarter plant choices and design. As Jennifer Miree Cope argues, “Resilience should guide every landscape plan. ”Drought-tolerant plants, healthy soil, rainwater capture, and permeable surfaces help landscapes withstand changing conditions while reducing water use, erosion, and runoff. These strategies also support pollinators and make climate-adaptive landscaping both environmentally responsible and cost-effective. How Homeowners Can Build Landscapes That LastBuilding a more resilient landscape doesn’t require starting over. Small, gradual changes can make a lasting difference. Begin with native trees, shrubs, grasses, and flowers that are naturally adapted to the local climate and better able to withstand drought, heavy rain, and temperature swings. Pick plants that retain moisture or can withstand heavy winds to protect the rest of your garden. Next, improve water management with drip irrigation, rainwater collection, mulch, and organic matter. According to theUSDA Natural Resources Conservation Service, increasing soil organic matter improves the soil’s ability to absorb and retain water, helping landscapes become more resilient during drought while reducing runoff during heavy rainfall. Finally, think long-term. Shade trees, smart hardscaping, and flexible planting create landscapes that are easier to maintain, use resources more efficiently, and remain attractive as conditions change. Choosing Resilience TodayClimate change is changing what homeowners should expect from their yards. Jennifer Miree Cope believes landscapes should do more than look good; they should withstand changing weather while remaining healthy and efficient. From native plantings to smarter water management, every thoughtful choice helps create an outdoor space that stays resilient and attractive for years to come. 7 Stress Busters to Help Everyone Cope and Thrive(Opens in a new browser tab)About Jennifer Miree CopeJennifer Miree Cope, a Vanderbilt University graduate with a degree in Electrical Engineering, is known for her creativity and precision as a landscape designer. Based in Birmingham, Alabama, she enjoys hiking, exercising, and cheering on the University of Alabama. A dedicated volunteer with Independent Presbyterian Church, Jennifer supports programs like STAIR tutoring, Holiday House, and the Children’s Fresh Air Farm. Opinions expressed by USAWire contributors are their own.