Quantum Computing Could Reshape Security, Energy and Technology. Africa Risks Falling Behind
Africa attracted just $10. 7 million in quantum technology investment in 2025, compared with $245 billion globally. The U. N. Economic Commission for Africa sees quantum science as a strategic tool for strengthening technological sovereignty and economic transformation. The organization is urging African governments to invest in research, talent development and specialized. . .
Africa attracted just $10. 7 million in quantum technology investment in 2025, compared with $245 billion globally. The U. N. Economic Commission for Africa sees quantum science as a strategic tool for strengthening technological sovereignty and economic transformation. The organization is urging African governments to invest in research, talent development and specialized institutions to avoid missing the next major technology wave. Quantum technologies could transform industries ranging from cybersecurity and energy to advanced manufacturing and scientific research. Yet Africa remains largely absent from a race that is accelerating across the world's leading economies. According to the United Nations Economic Commission for Africa (UNECA), citing data from Qureca Spain, global investment in quantum computing reached about $245 billion in 2025. Europe accounted for nearly $109 billion, North America $95. 7 billion, and Asia-Pacific $39. 4 billion. Africa attracted only about $10. 7 million. The gap reflects not only limited investment but also the relatively low profile quantum science still has across much of the continent. Quantum science studies the behavior of matter and energy at the atomic and subatomic levels. While still unfamiliar to many policymakers and businesses, UNECA argues that it belongs to a group of frontier technologies capable of driving Africa’s economic transformation. In its 2026 Economic Report on Africa, titledGrowth Through Innovation: Harnessing Data and Frontier Technologies for Africa’s Economic Transformation, the U. N. agency describes quantum technologies as a strategic opportunity for African countries seeking greater scientific and technological independence. According to the University of Geneva, potential applications include secure communications, advanced materials, more efficient energy systems, and faster scientific discovery. African Countries Begin to Stake a ClaimDespite limited funding, several African countries have already signaled their intention to take part in the emerging quantum economy. In 2024, Egypt, Ghana, Senegal and South Africa jointly introduced a resolution on quantum science at the United Nations General Assembly. The measure, which was adopted by consensus, seeks to strengthen scientific capacity in developing countries and encourage international cooperation in quantum technologies. UNECA views the initiative as evidence that some African governments want a seat at the table as global rules and standards for quantum technologies take shape. That approach contrasts with previous waves of digital innovation, where Africa often played a limited role in setting the agenda. Scientific progress is also beginning to emerge on the continent. UNECA highlights a 2025 project involving Chinese and South African researchers that established a satellite-based quantum communication link across 12,900 kilometers, reportedly the longest intercontinental quantum connection ever achieved. The experiment forms part of broader efforts to develop ultra-secure communication networks based on quantum cryptography. Many researchers consider quantum cryptography one of the most promising applications of quantum science because it can theoretically detect any attempt to intercept a communication. The technology could have major implications for protecting critical infrastructure, financial systems, and government data. Building Talent and Research CapacityUNECA warns that Africa will need much stronger action if it hopes to benefit from the quantum revolution. Competition among major powers continues to intensify. The United States, China, and the European Union are investing heavily through large national programs, while companies such as Google, IBM, and Microsoft continue to pour resources into increasingly powerful quantum processors. Africa enters this competition with significant disadvantages, including limited research funding, uneven digital infrastructure, and a persistent brain drain that draws many highly skilled scientists abroad. To narrow the gap, UNECA recommends creating specialized quantum research centers, strengthening partnerships with leading international institutions, and developing university programs focused on quantum physics, advanced computing, and cybersecurity. The organization also stresses the importance of building a highly skilled workforce, which it considers essential for the emergence of a viable African quantum ecosystem. Investment should focus on areas with strong economic potential, including secure communications, materials science, and critical digital infrastructure. Despite the challenges, UNECA believes Africa has several advantages that could support its participation in the next wave of technological change. A young population, rising adoption of digital technologies, and a growing innovation ecosystem provide a foundation that, if supported by the right policies and investments, could help the continent secure a place in the quantum era. Félicien Houindo Lokossou